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A new study by the University of Padua strengthens concerns about the effects of per - and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - widespread environmental pollutants—on the human immune system. The research helps clarify the mechanisms underlying the reduced vaccine responses observed in children exposed to these substances, identified by major international health agencies as the most well-documented PFAS-related effect in pediatric populations.
The research team analyzed B lymphocytes—the cells responsible for antibody production—in laboratory conditions after exposure to PFOA, one of the most common PFAS. The cells were obtained from seven healthy, non-exposed blood donors and then treated with PFAS under controlled conditions. The study was conducted between June 2024 and October 2025.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
“This study finally clarifies the cellular mechanisms underlying reduced vaccine responses in children exposed to PFAS,” explains . “PFOA directly interferes with the maturation of B lymphocytes and significantly reduces antibody production, particularly IgG. The reduction observed mirrors that reported in population-based studies and confirms that PFAS exposure represents a concrete risk to children’s health. Understanding these mechanisms is essential to strengthen prevention strategies and better protect child health.”
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The research team analyzed B lymphocytes—the cells responsible for antibody production—in laboratory conditions after exposure to PFOA, one of the most common PFAS. The cells were obtained from seven healthy, non-exposed blood donors and then treated with PFAS under controlled conditions. The study was conducted between June 2024 and October 2025.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
“This study finally clarifies the cellular mechanisms underlying reduced vaccine responses in children exposed to PFAS,” explains . “PFOA directly interferes with the maturation of B lymphocytes and significantly reduces antibody production, particularly IgG. The reduction observed mirrors that reported in population-based studies and confirms that PFAS exposure represents a concrete risk to children’s health. Understanding these mechanisms is essential to strengthen prevention strategies and better protect child health.”
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
“This study finally clarifies the cellular mechanisms underlying reduced vaccine responses in children exposed to PFAS,” explains . “PFOA directly interferes with the maturation of B lymphocytes and significantly reduces antibody production, particularly IgG. The reduction observed mirrors that reported in population-based studies and confirms that PFAS exposure represents a concrete risk to children’s health. Understanding these mechanisms is essential to strengthen prevention strategies and better protect child health.”
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
The findings will be presented on 16 December 2025 at the round table “PFAS Exposure and Clinical Manifestations: Health Intervention Strategies,” to be held at the Italian Senate, with the participation of national experts and institutional representatives. The event will also be streamed on the Senate’s web TV.
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The research team analyzed B lymphocytes—the cells responsible for antibody production—in laboratory conditions after exposure to PFOA, one of the most common PFAS. The cells were obtained from seven healthy, non-exposed blood donors and then treated with PFAS under controlled conditions. The study was conducted between June 2024 and October 2025.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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Previous research in Northern Europe and the United States had already reported lower antibody levels following routine vaccinations in children with higher PFOA exposure. The Padua study, led by Professors Carlo Foresta and Francesco Cinetto in collaboration with Luca De Toni and Andrea Di Nisio, provides a crucial missing piece: it demonstrates that PFOA directly interferes with antibody-producing cells, thereby impairing the immune response.
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